Pregnancy, sex and hormonal factors in multiple sclerosis
نویسندگان
چکیده
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is influenced by pregnancy, sex and hormonal factors. OBJECTIVES A comprehensive understanding of the role of pregnancy, sex and hormonal factors can provide insights into disease mechanisms, and new therapeutic developments and can provide improved patient care and treatment. METHODS Based on an international conference of experts and a comprehensive PubMed search for publications on these areas in MS, we provide a review of what is known about the impact of these factors on disease demographics, etiology, pathophysiology and clinical course and outcomes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Recommendations are provided for counseling and management of people with MS before conception, during pregnancy and after delivery. The use of disease-modifying and symptomatic therapies in pregnancy is problematic and such treatments are normally discontinued. Available knowledge about the impact of treatment on the mother, fetus and newborn is discussed. Recommendations for future research to fill knowledge gaps and clarify inconsistencies in available data are made.
منابع مشابه
P-137: Sex Hormones Abnormalities and Female Sexual Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common cause of progressive neurological disability in young adults who may be sexually active. MS patients experience high levels of sexual dysfunction with hypoactive sexual behavior and abnormalities in hypothalamus- pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between serum levels of sex hormones durin...
متن کاملSex Differences in the Study of Neurological Illnesses.
There are clear sex based neurophysiological differences in brain structure and function. These impact both healthy individuals and those with neurological and psychiatric disorders. It is well documented that these diseases affect women differently from men. Many of these sex differences remain unknown and underrecognized. In addition, hormonal changes and fluctuations during a woman's lifespa...
متن کاملCross-talks between the kidneys and the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease, which is considered as a common autoimmune disorder in young adults. A growing number of evidences indicated that the impairment in non-neural tissues plays a significant role in pathology of MS disease. There are bidirectional relationship, metabolic activities and functional similarity between central nervous system (CNS) and k...
متن کاملGender and sex hormones in multiple sclerosis pathology and therapy.
Several lines of evidence indicate that gender affects the susceptibility and course of multiple sclerosis (MS) with a higher disease prevalence and overall better prognosis in women than men. This sex dimorphism may be explained by sex chromosome effects and effects of sex steroid hormones on the immune system, blood brain barrier or parenchymal central nervous system (CNS) cells. The well kno...
متن کاملP121: The Effect of Stress on Neuroinflammation in Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of central nervous system. This demyelinating disease affects more than 2.3 million people world wild. Most of patients are young adult. There are many possible triggering factors including infections, toxin, immunization, trauma, sunlight exposure and hormonal variable in pathogenesis of MS. One of the important trigger is stress. There ...
متن کامل